Before diving into paperwork, figure out if you’re applying for a brand new passport or simply refreshing an old one. If you’ve never held a U.S. passport before, or if your last one was issued when you were under 16, more than 15 years ago, or is lost/damaged, you’ll be using Form DS-11. For adult renewals where your most recent passport is still valid or expired within the last five years, and is in good condition, Form DS-82 is your friend. Understanding this distinction early on saves you a ton of hassle, as the required steps and where you submit your application differ significantly. Make sure you know your status to pick the correct path forward!

Gathering your vital documents is the next crucial step. For proof of U.S. citizenship, you’ll typically need your original birth certificate (not a copy!), a previous undamaged U.S. passport, or a Certificate of Naturalization. Remember, you’ll need the original to show the acceptance agent, along with a photocopy of both the front and back. For identification, bring your valid, government-issued photo ID, such as your Virginia driver’s license. Again, an original plus a photocopy (front and back) is required. Ensure your ID hasn’t expired! Double-check that all names on your documents match perfectly, as discrepancies can cause delays. Having these essentials ready expedites your application journey.

Now it’s time to get down to the nitty-gritty of the application form itself. Head over to the U.S. Department of State website (travel.state.gov) to find and complete either the DS-11 (for new applications, minors, or specific situations) or the DS-82 (for renewals). It’s always best to fill out the form online and then print it; this ensures it’s readable and correctly formatted. Here’s a critical tip for DS-11 users: *DO NOT SIGN THE APPLICATION*. You must sign it in person, under oath, in front of the passport acceptance agent. For DS-82 renewals, you’ll sign it before mailing. Accuracy is key, so take your time and review every field carefully before printing.

Your passport photo isn’t just any selfie – it has very specific requirements! You’ll need a recent (taken within the last six months) 2×2 inch color photo with a plain white or off-white background. No glasses, no hats (unless for religious purposes, with a signed statement), and a neutral facial expression or a slight, natural smile. Don’t try to crop one yourself; professional services are worth it. In Roanoke, you can easily get compliant passport photos taken at many local pharmacies like CVS or Walgreens, or shipping centers such as The UPS Store and FedEx Office. Just tell them it’s for a U.S. passport, and they’ll handle the specifics, ensuring it meets all the strict guidelines.

Unlike renewals (which are mailed in), first-time applicants, minors, and those with lost/damaged passports must submit their applications in person at an acceptance facility. The most common spots in the Roanoke Valley are Post Offices. Check the State Department’s website (travel.state.gov) for the most current list and hours, but generally, the Roanoke Main Post Office (419 McClanahan St SW) or even facilities in nearby Vinton (212 Gus Nicks Blvd) or Salem (10 E Main St) are good options. It is absolutely essential to schedule an appointment beforehand – you can’t just walk in. When calling, confirm their specific requirements for payments for both the application fee and the separate execution fee.

The day of your appointment is when everything comes together! Bring *all* your documents: your completed (but unsigned if DS-11) application form, your original proof of citizenship and ID (plus their photocopies), and your perfect passport photo. Be ready with two separate payments: one for the passport application fee (payable to ‘U.S. Department of State’—check or money order typically) and another for the execution fee (payable to the facility, often cash, check, or money order). The acceptance agent will review your documents, administer an oath, and then have you sign your DS-11. Once everything is submitted, they’ll give you a tracking number so you can monitor your passport’s journey to you. Patience is key from here!