Before anything else, you need to identify if you’re applying for your very first U.S. passport, or if you’re just renewing an old one. This crucial first step dictates which application form you’ll need and what documents you must prepare. If you’ve never had a passport, or if your previous one was issued when you were under 16, you’ll generally use Form DS-11. For those simply updating an expired adult passport (issued within the last 15 years), Form DS-82 is your go-to. Understand this difference to save time and prevent frustrating rejections down the line.

This is where you gather your core identity documents. You’ll need proof of U.S. citizenship, such as an original birth certificate (issued by the state, not the hospital) or a previous, undamaged passport. Don’t forget your primary photo identification, like your valid driver’s license from Maryland. Crucially, bring the *originals* of these documents; photocopies won’t cut it for the submission appointment. However, you *will* need to provide a photocopy (front and back) of your ID and citizenship proof, so it’s wise to prepare these beforehand. Ensure all names match across your documents to avoid any complications.

Your passport photo isn’t just any snapshot – it has specific requirements! It needs to be a recent, color photo, 2×2 inches, with a plain white or off-white background. No glasses, no hats (unless for religious purposes, with a signed statement), and a neutral facial expression. In Columbia, finding a place is easy; local pharmacies like CVS or Walgreens, and even AAA branches (if you’re a member), offer passport photo services that are usually compliant with federal guidelines. Walk in, get it done quickly, and ensure they meet the exact specifications to prevent your application from being delayed.

Whether it’s the DS-11 or DS-82, fill out your application form meticulously. You can complete it online and print it, or fill it out by hand with black ink. Ensure all information is accurate and legible. A critical detail for the DS-11 form: DO NOT sign it until you are at the acceptance facility, in front of the authorized agent. They must witness your signature. For the DS-82 (renewal), you will sign it yourself before mailing. Take your time, double-check every field, and print single-sided only. Any errors could cause delays in processing your new travel document.

Now it’s time to find an acceptance facility. For new applications (DS-11), you must submit your materials in person. Luckily, Columbia offers convenient options. Local USPS branches, like the ones in Owen Brown (8775 Centre Park Dr) or Kings Contrivance (8680 Guilford Rd), are common choices. You can also visit the Howard County Clerk of Circuit Court (8360 Court Ave, Ellicott City, just a short drive from Columbia) for passport services. Always check their specific hours and if an appointment is required before heading over, especially for the Clerk’s office. This ensures a smooth and efficient submission experience.

When you arrive at your chosen facility, you’ll present your completed form (unsigned DS-11), original documents, photocopies, and passport photo to an authorized agent. They will verify your identity, witness your signature (if applicable), and ensure all your paperwork is in order. Be prepared to pay two separate fees: one to the U.S. Department of State (usually by check or money order) and an execution fee to the acceptance facility (which may accept credit cards). Once everything is submitted, you’ll receive a receipt and information on how to track your application. Then, it’s just a waiting game for your passport to arrive!