Before you collect a single document, determine if you need a brand-new passport, are renewing an adult one, or applying for a minor. This crucial first step dictates which forms you’ll use (DS-11 for first-timers/minors, DS-82 for renewals by mail) and whether you’ll need an in-person appointment. If you’re a first-time applicant or applying for a child under 16, prepare for a required visit to an acceptance facility. Renewals are often simpler, allowing you to mail everything directly. Knowing your path early saves time and avoids frustrating detours, especially important when navigating busy Fairfax County schedules.

This stage is all about collecting your foundational documents. For new applications, you’ll absolutely need proof of U.S. citizenship (like your original birth certificate or previous passport) and a valid photo ID (such as a Virginia driver’s license or state ID). Remember, photocopies of both sides of your ID are usually required too. If you need a birth certificate, you can request one from the Virginia Department of Health, Division of Vital Records, which can take a little time. For renewals, your old passport is typically enough. Keep everything organized; it makes the next steps much smoother.

Now it’s time to complete the actual passport form. Depending on your situation (new/minor vs. renewal), you’ll either be filling out the DS-11 or DS-82. While you can usually find these forms online at the U.S. Department of State website, resist signing anything until you’re instructed to do so at an acceptance facility for new applications. Print it neatly, using black ink. For renewals, fill out the DS-82 completely and accurately, ensuring all fields are addressed. Double-check every entry for errors; even minor mistakes can cause delays in processing your application.

Your passport photo must meet strict federal guidelines regarding size, background, and expression. Don’t try to use a selfie! Head to a professional service or a reliable retailer to get this done. Many pharmacies like CVS and Walgreens, along with shipping stores like The UPS Store, offer passport photo services throughout Fairfax County (e.g., locations in Fair Lakes, Vienna, or Burke). AAA also provides this service if you’re a member. Ensure the photo is recent, shows a neutral facial expression or a slight, natural smile, and has a plain white or off-white background. Getting it right the first time prevents needing a re-shoot.

For new applications or those involving minors, you must visit an authorized passport acceptance facility. In Fairfax, several U.S. Post Office branches, like the Fairfax Post Office on Jermantown Road or the Burke Post Office, provide this service. Some Fairfax County Public Library branches (e.g., Pohick Regional Library) may also act as acceptance facilities, but always verify hours and services. Crucially, call ahead to schedule an appointment; walk-ins are rarely accommodated, especially given current demands. Bring all original documents, photocopies, your completed form (unsigned if DS-11), and a check or money order for payment.

Once your application is submitted, the waiting begins! Processing times can vary significantly based on demand and whether you opted for routine or expedited service. You’ll usually receive confirmation that your application has been received, and then you can track its status online via the U.S. Department of State’s website using your reference number or personal details. Keep an eye on your mailbox for both your new passport and any returned original documents, which often arrive separately. If you need your passport urgently, consider paying for expedited service and express mail from the start, especially if you have an upcoming trip.